• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A harvester-tying machine for agricultural products comprising a frame (100) having underneath a plurality of wheels (101) and at least three harvest bodies, first, second and third (1, 2, 3); where each crop body (1, 2, 3) comprises a system of guides (11, 21, 31) and pulleys and a tying module (301, 302, 303) and where the frame (100) integrates a means of displacement lateral (200) comprising a telescopic mechanism formed by at least one displacement cylinder that: (i) is fixed with respect to the second harvest body (2) which, in turn, is fixed with respect to the frame (100); and (ii) the displacer cylinder is configured to horizontally move the first and third harvest bodies (1, 3) from a first closed or transport position to a second work or harvest position. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2688533A1
    申请号:ES201730649
    申请日:2017-05-02
    公开日:2018-11-05
    发明作者:Enrique Picazo Tejero
    申请人:Maqu Zocapi S L U；MAQUINARIA ZOCAPI SLU；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION

    MACHINE HARVESTOR-ATTACKER OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

    The present invention fits the present invention is in that of the manufacturing industry 5 of agricultural machinery and, more specifically, in the machinery dedicated to the harvest of vegetable products and, in particular, to the harvesters of garlic and other agricultural products.

    Prior art
     10
    At present, combines known in the state of the art are generally divided into two machine models. Extraction occurs in the same way, but the difference lies in the final processing of the torn product, usually garlic. A first machine model is called a harvester-tying machine and allows the collection in one or two wires at most. The second model, called the combine-cutter, also allows the collection of two threads, generally. For the operation of this machine, the presence of at least one operator is necessary, in addition to the driver of the agricultural tractor that drives the harvester.

    Both models of machines are conceptually based on a pulley mechanism and 20 belts located in a structure called "bridge" that allow the transport of garlic after extraction. More specifically, both in the combine-harvester of agricultural products of a thread or two threads, the machine is dragged and hooked to the three points of the tractor. Garlic is started by means of a fence that lifts the garlic and some straps raise them upwards while some vibrators clean the earth and make them reach the attacker, who ties them in packages. Once tied, the package stands on the ground.

    In this type of machines, the drives are produced thanks to an oil-hydraulic circuit that allows the different operations necessary during the plant extraction process. An example of this type of machines is described in document ES 30 1 039 305 U.

    Currently, garlic consumption is growing a lot. Garlic is normally sown with a fixed distance between lines between 45 cm and 50 cm depending on growing areas or areas. The average yield of a body is 1.2 hectares every 8 hours. For 35
    two-body harvesters the yield is 2.4 Ha / 8h and three bodies is 3.6 Ha / 8h.

    In the case of tying machines, one-row machines that exist and are commercialized comprise a body or interframe that travels entirely through a longitudinal chassis 5 approximately two meters long. This machine harvests all lines by moving the body from left to right.

    In the case of two-row tying machines, the machine comprises two bodies or interframes that are mounted inside an outer main chassis and the bodies move in the form of a compass 10 from a fixed point at the rear of the outer chassis attached to a fixed arm that carries its own body or interframe. This machine harvests the threads alternately on three threads, i.e. harvest thread No. 1 and No. 3 while not harvesting No. 2, which should be harvested later, for example, leaving No. 3 in the middle and harvesting No. 2 and No. 4, and so on. fifteen

    There are commercial machines for harvesting three threads, which remain three bodies that are mounted inside an outer main chassis and the bodies move in the form of a compass from a fixed point at the back of the inner chassis attached to a fixed arm that carries the own body This machine reaps alternative threads or lines, that is, reaps one thread yes and 20 another thread no; i.e. harvest threads 1.3 and 5, while threads 2 and 4 must be harvested together with number 6. This type of machine is approximately three meters wide, which makes road transport difficult. In addition, the weight of the machine is very high, which also makes transport difficult. On the other hand, in various areas irrigation systems are used through fixed coverage through aerial irrigation rods. Farmers 25 try to make the most of the cultivation area, so they try to adjust the distance of rows of garlic to the irrigation cane as much as possible. The machines known at present cannot approach the cane with a minimum of 45-50 cm.

    Explanation of the invention 30

    The harvester-tying machine object of the present invention comprises a chassis or frame that presents, inferiorly, a plurality of wheels that allow its movement by dragging of an agricultural tractor. The machine comprises a bridge for each sowing thread; and where said machine incorporates, in turn, a plurality of guides, a plurality of pulleys, a
    Tying module and an oil-hydraulic plant. This machine has the particularity of incorporating means of telescopic displacement of the outer bodies (right and left) with respect to the fixed central body. All in accordance with the first claim of the present invention. In particular claims, particular embodiments of the machine object of the invention are shown. 5

    Thus, the present invention describes a machine with a compact front fixed chassis with exterior measurements of 2.30 meters and without side beams, which allows its conventional transport on the road, which also makes it compatible when exporting this type Machine in conventional shipping containers, with a door width 10 of 2.32 meters and an internal width of 2.4 meters.

    In the front compact chassis in which an oil tank, two oil radiators and a side shifter are incorporated. Currently, in two-wire harvesting machines, the oil tank is arranged above the chassis and the radiators go above the oil tank. This new configuration also makes the machine configuration more compact. On the other hand, in the invention, by not having side beams, the harvest lines of the machine can be much closer to the fixed reeds or irrigation coverage, the farmer being able to harvest the threads that are closer to those reeds.
     twenty
    On the other hand, many farmers incorporate GPS technology in the control of the tractor so that a control system from the tractor with several electro-hydraulic functions is incorporated: (i) connection-disconnection of each body independently; (ii) left-right connection-disconnection of the rear belt that removes the tied garlic from the machine, which implies the possibility of eliminating the operations that handle certain regulations and that carry an operator per harvest line.

    For this, each crop body comprises means of warning of incidents in each of the lines. For this, the machine also incorporates means to regulate the opening of the guides horizontally and adapt to the width of the thread. In addition, it comprises a mechanism for height adjustment of the lower pulleys with respect to the ground comprising a hydraulic drive connected vertically with the chassis and activated by a ground clearance sensor installed at the bottom of the bridge, such that the machine can adapt to the irregularities of the ground, as described in ES 1 079 164 U.
     35
    The wheels used to move the machine can be fixed, in a minimum number of two or horizontally movable with respect to the chassis. Finally, it should be noted that the design of the machine is modular, so that it is possible to join several additional harvesting bodies or join several machines along the sides of the chassis. Modularity allows respecting measures adapted for land and sea transport. 5

    In the present invention, a preferred use is indicated for the garlic harvest. However, this fact is not limiting its use, since it could be used to collect other agricultural products such as onions, leeks or carrots.
     10
    Throughout the description and the claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to restrict the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.

    Brief description of the drawings
     twenty
    Next, a series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof is described very briefly.

     FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the machine object of the invention. 25
     FIG. 2 shows a top view of the machine object of the invention.
     FIG. 3 shows a front view of the machine object of the invention.
     FIG. 4 shows a bottom view of the machine object of the invention.
     FIG. 5 shows a side view of the machine object of the invention.
     30
    Statement of a detailed embodiment of the invention

    As can be seen in FIG. 1 (perspective view) the machine object of the invention has a modular configuration with three harvesting bodies (1,2,3) one for each thread to be harvested. Precisely, the modular configuration of the machine allows them to
    to join several additional harvesting bodies, for example, by duplicating the represented machine, without requiring a special transport, since it would transport machine to machine and the assembly would be mounted at the destination. The harvesting bodies (1,2,3) are of conventional characteristics and known in the state of the art, with the particularity that each guide (11,21,31) of each harvesting body (1,2,3) comprises 5 means for regulating the width and height of said guides (11,21,31) in such a way that it is possible to adapt both to the width of the wire and to the possible irregularities of the ground.

    Thus, the machine of the invention comprises: a chassis or frame (100) that allows, inside, a plurality of wheels (101) that allow its movement due to the drag of an agricultural tractor not represented and that would be jointly and severally connected to the machine through three anchor points (102a, 102b, 102c) and a power take-off (103).

    The chassis or frame (100) of the invention is a fixed front compact chassis with exterior measurements of width equal to or less than 2.3 meters in transport position and without lateral beams 15 as used in the prior art. Thanks to the measure of the width of the frame is equal to or less than 2.3 meters, it is also possible to transport the machine in conventional shipping containers, which have a door width of 2.32 meters and an internal width of 2 ,4 meters.
     twenty
    On the other hand, the wheels (101) in this embodiment are fixed and in a number of six (two for each crop body (1,2,3)). However, in other embodiments, and because the weight and structure of the machine has been simplified it would be possible to reduce the number of wheels to, for example, only two fixed or horizontally movable wheels with respect to the chassis (100).
     25
    The oil tank (104), two oil radiators (105a, 105b) and lateral displacement means (200) are integrated on the chassis (100), resulting in a more compact structure than in the known two-wire harvesters and described in the state of the art.
     30
    The lateral displacement means (200) consist of a telescopic mechanism formed by a displacement cylinder that, fixed with respect to the second harvest body (2), which is fixed with respect to the frame (100) allows the first and third harvest bodies ( 1,3) move horizontally from a more closed or transport position, to a second working position, facilitating both transport and its adaptation to different widths of 35
    harvest thread (45 cm - 50 cm), or it can also be adjusted to the possible problems of aligning the harvest thread when it has not been well sown.

    The machine also incorporates control means configured for: (a) the independent connection and disconnection of each crop body (1,2,3); and (b) the connection-disconnection 5 and left-right movement of a rear conveyor belt (300) that extracts the garlic tied by each tying module (301,302,303) of each harvesting body (1,2,3).

    These control means are automated and arranged in the tow tractor, which will not require the presence of an operator for each harvesting body, since the 10 control means will also have warning means in case of breakdowns. , jams or the harvest thread in question is finished.

    Therefore, thanks to the machine so described, a machine with a higher harvest yield (hectares / hour) is achieved with greater ease of transport (more compact 15 and less weight) without the need for the use of additional machinery.


    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]

    1. A harvester-tying machine for agricultural products comprising a frame (100) which has a plurality of wheels (101) and, at least, three first, second and third crop bodies (1,2,3); where each crop body (1,2,3) 5 comprises a system of guides (11,21,31) and pulleys and a tying module (301,302,303) and characterized in that the frame (100) integrates means of displacement lateral (200) comprising a telescopic mechanism formed by at least one displacement cylinder that: (i) is fixed with respect to the second harvesting body (2) which, in turn, is fixed with respect to the frame (100); and (ii) the displacer cylinder is configured to horizontally move the first and third crop bodies (1,3) from a first closed or transport position to a second work or harvest position.

    [2]
    2. The machine according to claim 1 that in the first closed or transport position its total width is less than 2.3 meters. fifteen

    [3]
    3. The machine according to any one of claims 1-2 wherein each guide (11,21,31) of each crop body (1,2,3) comprises means for regulating the width and height of said guides (11,21,31).
     twenty
    [4]
    4. The machine according to any one of claims 1-3 which incorporates control means configured for: (a) the independent connection and disconnection of each crop body (1,2,3); and (b) the left-right connection-disconnection and movement of a rear conveyor belt (300) that extracts the garlic tied by each tying module (301,302,303) of each harvesting body (1,2,3). 25

    [5]
    5. The machine according to any one of claims 1-4 wherein the chassis (100) integrates an oil tank (104) and two oil radiators (105a, 105b).

    [6]
    6. A method of harvesting and tying agricultural products that is implemented in a combine-tying machine 30 according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising the steps of: (i) moving the harvesting bodies horizontally (1, 2,3) from a closed or transport position to the work or harvest position to align the harvest bodies (1,2,3) with the threads to be harvested; and (ii) move the harvesting-tying machine aligned with the harvesting thread by activating a guide system 35
    (11,21,31) and pulleys and a tie module (301,302,303) for each harvest thread independently.

    [7]
    7. Use of a harvester-tying machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for harvesting and tying garlic. 5

    [8]
    8. Use of a harvester-tying machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for harvesting and tying onions.

    [9]
    9. Use of a harvester-tying machine according to any of the 10 claims 1 to 5 for harvesting and tying leeks.

    [10]
    10. Use of a harvester-tying machine according to any of claims 1 to 5 for harvesting and tying carrots.
    fifteen
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2688533B2|2020-01-27|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    ES1039304U|1998-01-27|1998-12-01|Zocapi Agricola S L|Arrancadora of garlic. |
    EP1958496A1|2007-02-16|2008-08-20|Deere & Company|Shift mechanism for trim mower cutting units|
    ES1079164U|2013-04-19|2013-05-07|Maquinaria Zocapi, Slu|Autoguiada ajos harvesting machine |
    CN105075522A|2014-05-23|2015-11-25|凯斯纽荷兰管理有限公司|Rowing unit adjustment system of harvesting vehicle and method thereof|
    法律状态:
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